Lección 07 · There is / There are

Lección 07 · Basic English

Is There Something? – There is / There are

Usamos there is y there are para decir que algo existe o está en un lugar. En español equivale a "hay" — una sola palabra que en inglés cambia según si hablamos de uno o varios.

1️⃣ SingularThere is (hay uno)

🔢 PluralThere are (hay varios)

🚫 Negativoisn't / aren't

❓ PreguntaIs there…? / Are there…?

💡 Recuerda: "There is" y "There are" equivalen a la misma palabra en español: "hay". La diferencia es que en inglés sí importa si el sustantivo es singular o plural.

Formas: Afirmativa, Negativa y Pregunta

Aquí tienes la estructura completa. Observa cómo cambia el verbo según si el sustantivo es singular o plural.

✅ Afirmativo

There is a book on the table.

There is a dog in the house.

There are two books on the table.

There are some chairs here.

🚫 Negativo

There isn't a TV in the room.

There isn't any milk.

There aren't any chairs here.

There aren't any students.

❓ Pregunta

Is there a bank near here?

Is there a park nearby?

Are there any parks in your city?

Are there any students today?

Ejemplos con audio

There is a book on the table.

Hay un libro sobre la mesa.

There are two windows in this room.

Hay dos ventanas en este cuarto.

There isn't a supermarket near here.

No hay un supermercado cerca de aquí.

There aren't any chairs in the room.

No hay sillas en el cuarto.

Is there a bank near here?

¿Hay un banco cerca de aquí?

Are there any parks in your city?

¿Hay parques en tu ciudad?

How to Make Questions: The Switch!

Para hacer preguntas con there is / there are, simplemente intercambiamos ("hacemos un switch") el verbo con there. El resto de la oración permanece igual.

⚡ The Switch Rule

There is a dog.

⇄

Is there a dog?

There are two cats.

⇄

Are there two cats?

There is a supermarket near the school.

⇄

Is there a supermarket near the school?

There are some people here.

⇄

Are there some people here?

Short Answers

Las respuestas cortas (short answers) repiten el verbo auxiliar — nunca usamos "Yes, there is a bank" como respuesta corta.

Question	Yes (+)	No (–)
Is there a bank?	Yes, there is.	No, there isn't.
Is there a dog?	Yes, there is.	No, there isn't.
Are there any chairs?	Yes, there are.	No, there aren't.
Are there any students?	Yes, there are.	No, there aren't.

Is there a park near your house?

¿Hay un parque cerca de tu casa?

Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.

Sí, hay. / No, no hay.

Are there any restaurants nearby?

¿Hay restaurantes cerca?

Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.

Sí, hay. / No, no hay.

Some vs. Any

Cuando hablamos de cantidades no específicas con there is/are, necesitamos elegir entre some y any. La regla es sencilla:

SOME

Se usa en oraciones afirmativas (positivas).

There are some books on the table.

Hay algunos libros en la mesa.

There are some students in the class.

Hay algunos estudiantes en la clase.

ANY

Se usa en oraciones negativas y preguntas.

There aren't any chairs here.

No hay sillas aquí.

Are there any parks in your city?

¿Hay parques en tu ciudad?

Countable vs. Uncountable Nouns

Cuando usamos there isn't (negativo singular), hay que elegir bien entre a/an y any dependiendo del tipo de sustantivo.

Countable Nouns (Contables)

Cosas que puedes contar individualmente (1 objeto). Con negativo usamos a / an (NO "any").

REGLA: there isn't + a/an

There isn't a chair.
There isn't a book.
There isn't a ball.
There isn't an apple.

Uncountable Nouns (Incontables)

Cosas que no se cuentan individualmente (líquidos, ideas, materiales). Con negativo usamos any.

REGLA: there isn't + any

There isn't any milk.
There isn't any homework.
There isn't any noise.
There isn't any water.

💡 Quick Tips

Usa a / an con sustantivos singulares contables (a cat, an apple).
Usa some / any con sustantivos plurales o incontables.
Any se usa en negativos y preguntas — nunca en afirmativo.
Some se usa en afirmativo — con excepciones en preguntas cuando ofrecemos algo (Would you like some coffee?).

Errores Comunes

1. Usar "there is" con plural

There is two books on the table. (incorrecto ✗)

Con sustantivos plurales siempre usa "there are".

There are two books on the table. (correcto ✓)

Dos libros = plural → there are.

2. Usar "some" en negativo

There aren't some chairs. (incorrecto ✗)

En negativo usamos "any", nunca "some".

There aren't any chairs. (correcto ✓)

Negativo + plural → aren't any.

3. Olvidar el "there" en la pregunta

Is a bank near here? (incorrecto ✗)

La pregunta siempre lleva "Is there" o "Are there".

Is there a bank near here? (correcto ✓)

Switch: "there is" → "Is there…?"

Classroom Vocabulary

Practica el vocabulario que encontrarás en la lectura. Haz clic en ▶ para escuchar cada palabra.

📚 a book un libro

🖊️ a pen un bolígrafo

✏️ a pencil un lápiz

🪑 a chair una silla

🖥️ a desk un escritorio

💻 a computer una computadora

🪟 a window una ventana

🚪 a door una puerta

🖼️ a picture una imagen/cuadro

🗺️ a map un mapa

📋 a whiteboard una pizarra blanca

📁 a folder una carpeta

Common Idioms with "There's"

El inglés tiene muchas expresiones fijas con there's. Aprenderlas te hará sonar más natural. Haz clic en ▶ para escuchar cada una.

"There is no such thing as…"

No existe tal cosa como…

There's no such thing as a stupid question. (No hay preguntas tontas.)
"There's no telling…"

No hay manera de saber…

There's no telling what will happen tomorrow. (No hay manera de saber qué pasará mañana.)
"There's no point in…"

No tiene sentido / No vale la pena…

There's no point in worrying about it. (No vale la pena preocuparse.)
"There's no doubt that…"

No hay duda de que…

There's no doubt that she is a great teacher. (No hay duda de que es una gran maestra.)
"There's nothing like…"

No hay nada como…

There's nothing like a good cup of coffee in the morning. (No hay nada como un buen café por la mañana.)
"There's a chance that…"

Hay una posibilidad de que…

There's a chance that it will rain tomorrow. (Hay una posibilidad de que llueva mañana.)
"There's something wrong with…"

Hay algo mal con…

There's something wrong with the computer. (Hay algo mal con la computadora.)

Listening & Reading

Lee el texto sobre la clase de Sofía en Academia VELA. Escucha el texto completo con el botón de audio y luego responde las preguntas de comprensión.

Sofia's Classroom at Academia VELA

Sofia is a student at Academia VELA. Today is her first day of class and she is very excited. She looks around the room and describes everything she sees.

There is a big whiteboard at the front of the classroom. There are twenty chairs and ten desks for the students. There is a teacher's desk near the window. On the teacher's desk, there is a laptop and some books.

There is a map of the world on the wall. There are some pictures of famous English-speaking cities too: New York, London, and Sydney. There isn't a television in the classroom, but there is a projector on the ceiling.

There are some plants near the window. There aren't any pencils on the desks, but there are some pens. There is a clock on the wall near the door.

There isn't a cafeteria in the building, but there is a small kitchen with coffee and water. Are there any other students? Yes, there are! There are fifteen students in the class.

Sofia smiles and thinks: "There's no such thing as a bad first day at Academia VELA!" 🎉

Questions about the text

Responde las preguntas basadas en la lectura de Sofia's Classroom.

Practica lo aprendido

Elige la opción correcta. Verás tu resultado al terminar.