Lección 05 · Basic English

Mine or Yours? – Possessive Adjectives

Los adjetivos posesivos nos sirven para indicar a quién pertenece algo. En español equivalen a mi, tu, su, nuestro, su (de ellos). En inglés siempre van antes del sustantivo y no cambian según el género ni el número del objeto.

Estructura: Possessive Adjective + Noun  ·  Ejemplo: my book, her car, their house

Los 8 adjetivos posesivos

PronombreAdj. PosesivoEjemploTraducción
IMyThis is my book.Este es mi libro.
YouYourYour phone is new.Tu teléfono es nuevo.
HeHisThat is his car.Ese es su carro (de él).
SheHerShe forgot her keys.Ella olvidó sus llaves.
ItItsThe dog wags its tail.El perro mueve su cola.
WeOurWe love our teacher.Amamos a nuestra profesora.
YouYourYour teachers are kind.Sus profesores son amables.
TheyTheirThey are in their house.Están en su casa (de ellos).

Ejemplos con audio

This is my book.
Este es mi libro.
She is with her friend.
Ella está con su amiga.
He is using his computer.
Él está usando su computadora.
We love our school.
Amamos nuestra escuela.
They forgot their keys.
Ellos olvidaron sus llaves.

Reglas rápidas

Siempre van ANTES del sustantivo
my friend  ·  her laptop  ·  our class
friend my ✗  ·  laptop her ✗
No llevan -s al final
my dog  ·  his car  ·  our house
mys ✗  ·  hers (como adj.) ✗  ·  ours (como adj.) ✗
Son iguales para singular y plural
my dog  ·  my dogs
El adjetivo no cambia aunque el sustantivo sea plural.
"Its" NO lleva apóstrofe
The cat drinks its milk.
it's milk ✗  (it's = it is, no posesión)

Error frecuente: it's vs. its

Este es uno de los errores más comunes en inglés. Aunque se parecen, tienen significados completamente distintos.

it's

Contracción de it is o it has

Siempre lleva apóstrofe. Nunca muestra posesión.

It's raining.
(It is raining.) Está lloviendo.
It's been a long day.
(It has been…) Ha sido un día largo.

its

Adjetivo posesivo de it

Sin apóstrofe. Siempre indica posesión.

The dog is eating its food.
El perro está comiendo su comida.
The company changed its policy.
La empresa cambió su política.

Vehicles Vocabulary

Combina los adjetivos posesivos con vocabulario de transporte para describir lo que pertenece a cada persona.

Land Transport
CarCarro / Auto
Taxi / CabTaxi
BusAutobús
MotorcycleMotocicleta
ScooterScooter
Bicycle / BikeBicicleta
VanFurgoneta
TruckCamión
Pickup truckCamioneta
AmbulanceAmbulancia
Fire truckCamión de bomberos
Police carPatrulla
Air Transport
Airplane / PlaneAvión
HelicopterHelicóptero
JetJet
Hot-air balloonGlobo aerostático
DroneDron
Rail & Special Vehicles
TrainTren
Subway / MetroMetro
TramTranvía
TractorTractor
ForkliftMontacargas
Garbage truckCamión de basura

Vehicles + Possessive Adjectives

My car is very old, but I love it.
Mi carro es muy viejo, pero me encanta.
Her scooter is new and very fast.
Su scooter (de ella) es nuevo y muy rápido.
Their van is parked outside the building.
Su furgoneta (de ellos) está estacionada afuera del edificio.
Our bus arrives at 7 a.m. every morning.
Nuestro autobús llega a las 7 a.m. cada mañana.

Errores comunes

1. Poner el adjetivo después del sustantivo

book my is on the table. (incorrecto)
El adjetivo posesivo va siempre ANTES del sustantivo.
My book is on the table. (correcto)
Adjetivo posesivo + sustantivo.

2. Confundir "his" y "her"

Maria is calling her brother. He forgot her keys. (incorrecto)
"He" es masculino, así que el posesivo es "his", no "her".
Maria is calling her brother. He forgot his keys. (correcto)
Her = de ella · His = de él.

3. Escribir "it's" en lugar de "its" (posesivo)

The cat is sleeping in it's bed. (incorrecto)
"it's" significa "it is". Para posesión se usa "its" sin apóstrofe.
The cat is sleeping in its bed. (correcto)
its = posesivo de it, sin apóstrofe.

Listening & Reading

Lee el texto, escúchalo y luego responde las preguntas. Presta atención al uso de los adjetivos posesivos en cada oración.

A Busy Morning at the Rivera House

It is Monday morning and the Rivera family is getting ready for the day. Everyone is busy with their things.

Mr. Rivera is in the garage. His car is very clean — he washes it every Sunday. Mrs. Rivera is looking for her keys. She always forgets where she puts them! Their daughter, Camila, is waiting at the door with her backpack. Today is her birthday, so she is very excited.

Their son, Diego, is outside with his bicycle. He rides his bike to school every day. His helmet is red, and his backpack is blue. Grandpa Jorge is in the yard. His truck is very old, but he loves it. The truck's engine is powerful — its sound is very loud every morning!

The family dog, Bruno, is in his little house near the garden. The house is painted yellow — its door is always open. Bruno is looking out because he wants to play.

Before leaving, Mrs. Rivera says: "Do you have your lunch? Do you have your phone?" The children answer: "Yes! We have our things!" Mr. Rivera smiles and says: "Let's go. Our day is just beginning!"

Questions about the text

Responde las preguntas Yes/No y Wh- basadas en la lectura.

Practica lo aprendido

Elige la opción correcta. Verás tu resultado al terminar.